Мохамед А. С. А., Лозовский А. Р. Влияние прерывистого режима кормления и добавки в корм комплекса микроэлементов (хром, цинк) и витаминов (С, Е) на продуктивность цыплят бройлеров при выращивании в условиях повышенной температуры воздуха // Научная жизнь. 2019. Т. 14. Вып. 6. С. 983–991. DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2019-14-6-983-991

Мохамед Абдельхамид Салах Абдельхамид, аспирант, ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный университет»: Россия, 414056, Астраханская обл., г. Астрахань, ул. Татищева, 20а.

Лозовский Александр Робертович, д-р биол. наук, доцент, профессор кафедры зоотехнии и технологии переработки сельскохозяйственной продукции, ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный университет»: Россия, 414056, Астраханская обл., г. Астрахань, ул. Татищева, 20а.

Тел.: (851-2) 24-66-85

E-mail: abdalhmed.salah@yahoo.com

Список литературы:

1. Zhang C., Zhao X. H., Yang L., Chen X. Y., Jiang R. S., Jin S. H., Geng Z. Y. Resveratrol alleviates heat stress-induced impairment of intestinal morphology, microflora, and barrier integrity in broilers // Poultry Science. – 2017. – Vol. 96, № 12. – P. 4325–4332.

2. Фисинин В. И., Кавтарашвили А. Ш. Тепловой стресс у птицы. Сообщение II. Методы и способы профилактики и смягчения: обзор // Сельскохозяйственная биология. – 2015. – Т. 50, № 4. – С. 431–443.

3. Трухачев В. И., Злыднев Н. З., Епимахова Е. Э., Самокиш Н. В., Таблица Карягин Д. В. Баланс питательных веществ и продуктивность бройлеров при термической нагрузке // Вестник АПК Ставрополья. – 2016. – T. 2. – № 22. – С. 101–105.

‏ 4. Kumbhar S., Khan A. Z., Parveen F. Z., Nizamani A., Siyal F. A. ElHack M. E. A., Gan F., Liu Y., Hamid M. Nido S. A., Huang K. Impacts of selenium and vitamin E supplementation on mRNA of heat shock proteins, selenoproteins and antioxidants in broilers exposed to high temperature // AMB Express. – 2018. – Vol. 8, № 1. – P. 112.

5. Wang X. J., Feng J. H., Zhang M. H., Li X. M., Ma D. D., Chang S. S. Effects of high ambient temperature on the community structure and composition of ileal microbiome of broilers // Poultry Science. – 2018. – Vol. 97, № 6. – P. 2153–2158.

‏ 6. Azis A., Berliana S., Afriani A., Effects of feeding time restriction during the whole rearing period on the growth performance of broiler chickens // International Journal of Poultry Science. – 2019. – Vol. 18, № 1. – P. 14–20.

7. De Antonio J., De Antonio J., Fernandez-Alarcon M. F., Lunedo R., Squassoni G. H., Ferraz A. L. G., Macari M., Furlan R. L., Furlan L. R. Chronic heat stress and feed restriction affects carcass composition and the expression of genes involved in the control of fat deposition in broilers // The Journal of Agricultural Science. – 2017. – Vol. 155, № 9. – P. 1487–1496.

‏ 8. Farghly M. F. A., Alagawany M., Abd El-Hack M. E. Feeding time can alleviate negative effects of heat stress on performance, meat quality and health status of turkey // British Poultry Science. – 2018. – Vol. 59, № 2. – P. 205–210.

9. Abdel-Hafeez H. M., Saleh E. S., Tawfeek S. S., Youssef I. M., AbdelDaim A. S. Effects of probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic with and without feed restriction on performance, hematological indices and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens// Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. – 2017. – Vol. 30, № 5. – P. 672–682.

10. Zakaria H. A., Jalal M., AL-Titi H. H., Souad A. Effect of sources and levels of dietary zinc on the performance, carcass traits and blood parameters of broilers // Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science. – 2017. – Vol. 19, № 3. – P. 519–526.

11. Sahin N., Hayirli A., Orhan C., Tuzcu M., Akdemir F., Komorowski J. R., Sahin K. Effects of the supplemental chromium form on performance and oxidative stress in broilers exposed to heat stress // Poultry Science. – 2017. – Vol. 96, № 12. – P. 4317–4324.

12. Tawfeek S. S., Hassanin K. M. A., Youssef I. M. I. The Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Some Antioxidants on Performance, Oxidative Stress, and Blood Parameters in Broilers under Natural Summer // Journal World's Poultry Research. – 2014. – Vol. 4, № 1. – P. 10–19.

13. Ali N., Akram M., Fahim A., Singh B., Imran M. Effect of dietary supplementation of vitamin E, zinc and chromium supplementation on growth performance and hematological characteristics of broiler chickens // Indian Journal of Animal Research. – 2018. – Vol. 52, № 4. – P. 574–578.

14. Attia Y. A., Al Harthi M. A., ElShafey A. S., Rehab Y. A., Kim W. K. Enhancing tolerance of broiler chickens to heat stress by supplementation with vitamin E, vitamin C and/or probiotics // Annals of Animal Science. – 2017. – Vol. 17, № 4. – P. 1155–1169.

15. Cheng K., Song Z. H., Zheng X. C., Zhang H., Zhang J. F., Zhang L. L., Zhou Y. M., Wang T. Effects of dietary vitamin E type on the growth performance and antioxidant capacity in cyclophosphamide immunosuppressed broilers // Poultry Science. – 2017. – Vol. 96, № 5. – P. 1159–1166.

16. SAS Institute Inc. SAS/STAT ® 9.1 User’s Guide. – 2004. – 5136 pp.

THE EFFECT OF INTERMITTENT FEEDING AND NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTING MICROELEMENTS (CHROMIUM, ZINC) AND VITAMINS (C, E) ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF BROILER CHICKENS GROWN UNDER HIGH AIR TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS

Mohamed Abdelhameed Salah Abdelhameed, postgraduate student, Astrakhan State University, Astrakhan, Russia.

Lozovskiy Aleksandr Robertovich, Dr. of Biol. Sci., Prof., Astrakhan State University, Astrakhan, Russia.

Keywords: broiler chickens, heat stress, intermittent feeding, feed additives, mortality, productivity, feeding efficiency.

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to establish the  effect of intermittent feeding (3 hours without feeding during the  day) and the feed additives: a complex of trace elements and vitamins (chromium - 1.5 mg/kg, zinc – 100 mg/kg, vitamin C – 200 mg/kg, vitamin E – 200 mg/kg)  – on the  mortality, the  dynamics of live weight and its increase, the structure of the carcass and the feeding effectiveness of broiler chickens grown in the conditions of high air temperature. 240 broiler chickens “Ross-308” were divided into 4 groups and bred for 35 daysin elevated air temperature. As a result of the study, it wasfound that the mortality rate of the chickens from the experimental groups during the rearing was 50–70% less than in the control. Live weight and its growth and relative weight of the gutted carcass were in the experimental groups more than in the  control by 8–13% and 1.5–3.5%, respectively, and the relative weight of abdominal fat was 15–33% less. The most pronounced differences were with the effect of intermittent feeding in combination with adding a complex of trace elements and vitamins to the feed. Broiler chickens’ adaptation to the feed, when grown at high air temperature, improves when subjected to both intermittent feeding and addition trace elements and vitamins to the feed, with the most pronounced differences from the control being found with the simultaneous effect of these factors. The feed intake per 1 chicken in experiments 1, 2 and 3 wassignificantly lowerthan the control by 5.35%, 6.02% and 6.97% in experiments 1, 2 and 3, respectively. At the same time, the cost of feed per live weight increase unit decreased in the experiments compared with the control by 9.6–13.9%. The improvement in feed conversion in the chickens of the experimental groups can be explained by an increase in the digestibility of nutrients: crude protein by 2.63–4.70%, crude fat by 5.9–7.7%, crude cellulose feed by 2.9–5.5%.

REFERENCES

1. Zhang C., Zhao X. H., Yang L., Chen X. Y., Jiang R. S., Jin S. H., Geng Z. Y. Resveratrol alleviates heat stress-induced impairment of intestinal morphology, microflora, and barrier integrity in broilers // Poultry Science. – 2017. – Vol. 96. – No. 12. – P. 4325–4332.

2. Fisinin V. I., Kavtarashvili A. Sh. Heat stress in birds. message I. danger, physiological changes in the body, signs and manifestations // Agricultural Biology. – 2015. – Vol. 50. – No. 2. – P. 162–171.

3. Trukhachev V. I., Zlydnev N. Z., Epimakhova E. E., Samokish N. V., Karyagin D. V. Nutrient balance and productivity of broilers under thermal load // APK Bulletin of Stavropol. – 2016. – Vol. 2. – No. 22. – P. 101–105.

4. Kumbhar S., Khan A. Z., Parveen F. Z., Nizamani A., Siyal F. A. El-Hack M. E. A., Gan F., Liu Y., Hamid M. Nido S. A., Huang K. Impacts of selenium and vitamin E supplementation on mRNA of heat shock proteins, selenoproteins and antioxidants in broilers exposed to high temperature // AMB Express. – 2018. – Vol. 8. – No. 1. – P. 112.

5. Wang X. J., Feng J. H., Zhang M. H., Li X. M., Ma D. D., Chang S. S. Effects of high ambient temperature on the community structure and composition of ileal microbiome of broilers // Poultry Science. – 2018. – Vol. 97. – No. 6. – P. 2153–2158.

‏ 6. Azis A., Berliana S., Afriani A., Effects of feeding time restriction during the whole rearing period on the growth performance of broiler chickens // International Journal of Poultry Science. – 2019. – Vol. 18. – No. 1. – P. 14-20.

7. De Antonio J., De Antonio J., Fernandez-Alarcon M. F., Lunedo R., Squassoni G. H., Ferraz A. L. G., Macari M., Furlan R. L., Furlan L. R. Chronic heat stress and feed restriction affects carcass composition and the expression of genes involved in the control of fat deposition in broilers // The Journal of Agricultural Science. – 2017. – Vol. 155. – No. 9. – P. 1487–1496.‏

8. Farghly M. F. A., Alagawany M., Abd El-Hack M. E. Feeding time can alleviate negative effects of heat stress on performance, meat quality and health status of turkey // British Poultry Science. – 2018. – Vol. 59. – No. 2. – P. 205–210.

9. Abdel-Hafeez H. M., Saleh E. S., Tawfeek S. S., Youssef I. M., Abdel-Daim A. S. Effects of probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic with and without feed restriction on performance, hematological indices and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens / H. M. Abdel-Hafeez, E. S. Saleh, S. S. Tawfeek, I. M. Youssef, A. S. Abdel-Daim // Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. – 2017. – Vol. 30. – No. 5. – P. 672–682.

10. Zakaria H. A., Jalal M., AL-Titi H. H., Souad A. Effect of sources and levels of dietary zinc on the performance, carcass traits and blood parameters of broilers // Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science. – 2017. – Vol. 19. – No. 3. – P. 519–526.

11. Sahin N., Hayirli A., Orhan C., Tuzcu M., Akdemir F., Komorowski J. R., Sahin K. Effects of the supplemental chromium form on performance and oxidative stress in broilers exposed to heat stress // Poultry Science. – 2017. – Vol. 96. – No. 12. – P. 4317–4324.

12. Tawfeek S. S., Hassanin K. M. A., Youssef I. M. I. The Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Some Antioxidants on Performance, Oxidative Stress, and Blood Parameters in Broilers under Natural Summer // Journal World’s Poultry Research. – 2014. – Vol. 4. – No. 1. – P. 10–19.

13. Ali N., Akram M., Fahim A., Singh B., Imran M. Effect of dietary supplementation of vitamin E, zinc and chromium supplementation on growth performance and hematological characteristics of broiler chickens // Indian Journal of Animal Research. – 2018. – Vol. 52. – No. 4. – P. 574–578.

14. Attia Y. A., Al Harthi M. A., El-Shafey A. S., Rehab Y. A., Kim W. K. Enhancing tolerance of broiler chickens to heat stress by supplementation with vitamin E, vitamin C and/or probiotics // Annals of Animal Science. – 2017. – Vol. 17. – No. 4. – P. 1155–1169.

15. Cheng K., Song Z. H., Zheng X. C., Zhang H., Zhang J. F., Zhang L. L., Zhou Y. M., Wang T. Effects of dietary vitamin E type on the growth performance and antioxidant capacity in cyclophosphamide immunosuppressed broilers // Poultry Science. – 2017. – Vol. 96. – No. 5. – P. 1159–1166.

16. SAS Institute Inc. SAS/STAT ® 9.1 User’s Guide. – 2004. – 5136 p.