Дзугаева Любовь Алексеевна, канд. с.-х. наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории земледелия, Северо-Кавказский научно-исследовательский институт горного и предгорного сельского хозяйства – филиал ФГБУН ФНЦ «Владикавказский научный центр Российской академии наук»: Россия, Республика Северная Осетия - Алания, 363110, с. Михайловское, ул. Вильямса, 1.

Тел. (867-2) 23-04-20

Е-mail: super.dzugaeva@mail.ru

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INFLUENCE OF CROPS AND MICRO FERTILIZER “BIOKLAD” ON THE NUTRIENTS DYNAMICS AND SOIL BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY

Dzugaeva Lyubov Alekseevna, Cand. of Agric. Sci., Researcher, North Caucasian Research Institute of Mountain and Piedmont Agriculture, Vladikavkaz Scientific Centre of RAS, Vladikavkaz, Russia.

Keywords: soil, crop rotation, fertility, compound fertilizer, oats, peas, pumpkin.

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to obtain experimental data on the effect of forage crops and the Bioklad microfertilizer on soil fertility indicators. The basic principlesforimproving feed crop rotations that can ensure high yields and quality of environmentally friendly products are: biologization through the use of annual and perennial legumes and other crops; correct and rational alternation of cultures in the links and links in the rotation; the introduction of intermediate crops; the use of root residues, straw, tops for the return of nutrients and ensure the vital activity of microorganisms. Successful farming requires high biological activity of the soil. It depends on many factors: the content of basic nutrients, physical properties of the soil, cultivated crops, quantitative and qualitative composition of soil microorganisms, etc. The biologically active layer is the upper part of the soil profile in which microbiological processes are most intensive. The biogenicity of the soil is determined mainly by the content of humic substances and root excretions in it. In connection with the above, it is necessary to find new techniques and methods to preserve and improve soil fertility, increase productivity per unit area, and provide livestock with nutritionally valuable feed. The  basis of the work was experimental studies on the planting on the experimental field of crops of oats, peas and pumpkins using the Bioklad fertilizer. The data obtained during the planting of crops were analyzed, classified and induced.According to the results of research, it was established that the effect of different forage crops on the soil and its fertility is not the same. So, sowing oats with peas contributes to a more active development of microorganismsinvolved in the transformation of organic and mineral nitrogen compounds, more intensive flow of oxidative processes in the soil. Pea with the help of symbiotic nitrogen fixation absorbs a significant amount of nitrogen, enriching them with soil, which affects the intensity of cellulose decomposition.It was concluded that the use of complex fertilizer «Bioklad» had a positive impact on the elements of potential and effective soil fertility, crop productivity. This increases the biological activity of the soil, contributing to the mobilization of soil fertility. And selecting certain crops, alternating them in crop rotation, applying complex fertilizers, one can influence the soil fertility and the crop of plants. 

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